C10 Tourist City

Augustyn, M. M. and T. Knowles (2000). "Performance of tourism partnerships: a focus on York." Tourism Management 21(4): 341-351. yes A1d B10 C1a
	Partnerships between the public and the private sectors have recently come to prominence as a strategic tool for tourism development. The reasons for entering into such agreements and the nature of partnerships have been widely recognised. However, no concise set of criteria, against which the performance of partnerships can be assessed, has been established. As a result, little research has been done in the area of evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency of tourism partnerships. This article aims to identify critical success factors for partnerships between the public and the private sectors at tourism destinations and to assess the performance of such arrangements. An extensive literature review has been undertaken in order to specify a set of tourism partnership success factors. A case study approach, with a tourism partnership in York constituting its subject, has been utilised for the evaluation of tourism partnerships against the critical success factors. The empirical study provides a useful source for extending the existing list of factors influencing the performance of tourism partnerships by new determinants. It also gives a framework for self-assessment of partnership, which seems to be of utmost importance in securing a long-term viability of these agreements. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Meethan, K. (1996). "Consuming (in) the civilized city." Annals of Tourism Research 23(2): 322-340. yes A1f B10 C1a
	This paper examines the creation of the city of York as a tourism destination. It is argued that changes to the process of capital accumulation in advanced industrial societies have led to the revaluation and commodification of place at a local level. Part of this process has been the creation of heritage as a tangible asset in the form of spatial narratives, and this in turn is linked to changing patterns of consumer retail activity. It is argued that tourism should not be conceptualized as a distinct activity but rather as a form of consumption in the context of both local and global changes.

Meethan, K. (1997). "York: managing the tourist city." Cities 14(6): 333-342. yes A1f B10 C1a
	Tourism is now a key element in the local economies of many urban areas, due partly to the effects of deindustrialization and the consequent revaluing of urban space as a leisure commodity. In turn, this requires changes in urban management and a realignment of interests within specific localities. Using the city of York as a case study, this paper will examine such issues in terms of the conflicts and tensions that exist between managing the city as a tourist destination and as a place of residence and work. In the final section, the general implications for the development of urban tourism policy will be addressed. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Mordue, T. (2007). "Tourism, urban governance and public space." Leisure Studies. yes A1f B10 C1a
	Profiles York, described as a "post industrial" and "internationally recognized heritage city", to examine the relationship between tourism, urban government and regeneration. Discusses how the city has developed from an economy based on manufacturing to one of tourism. Shows it is divided into "industrial and pre-industrial zones" where heritage attractions are in the historic centre and factories, housing estates, business parks are outside the city walls. Analyses how this affects local communities and access to certain public spaces.

Snaith, T. and A. Haley (1999). "Residents' opinions of tourism development in the historic city of York, England." Tourism Management 20(5): 595-603. yes A1b B10 C1a
	Given the increased research attention concerning both the social impacts of tourism and those concerning the historic tourist city, we can say that there remains a significant lack of studies regarding how the residents of such cities perceive the impacts of tourism. This research addresses this by investigating residents' opinions of the impacts of tourism in the historic city of York, England. Results of the research suggested that the resident population should not be viewed as homogenous in its support for tourism development. Indeed, its opinions regarding tourism and its management were found to be significantly diverse across a variety of socio-economic and demographic indicators. This information has serious implications for the management of tourism in historic tourist cities. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.